Healthcare economics examines the efficiency, effectiveness, and behaviour of healthcare systems. It focuses on how resources are allocated to meet healthcare needs. Key trends include rising costs, access to care, and the impact of technology on health outcomes. Recent dynamics show a shift toward value-based care, emphasizing quality over quantity. Understanding these elements is crucial for policymakers, healthcare providers, and patients alike. This article explores the critical aspects of healthcare economics, providing insights into current challenges and future directions.